NPV Calculator

Estimate net present value based on three years of cash flows, discount rate, and initial investment.

NPV

Guide

How it works

Use this calculator to estimate net present value.

What this calculator does

The NPV calculator helps estimate the value of future cash flows after discounting them back to today and subtracting the initial investment.

It is useful for:

  • investment analysis
  • project evaluation
  • capital budgeting
  • decision-making

Formula

NPV = Present Value of Future Cash Flows - Initial Investment

Where:

  • Future Cash Flows = cash expected in future periods
  • Discount Rate = required rate of return
  • Initial Investment = upfront cost
  • NPV = net present value of the investment

Example calculation

If:

  • Cash flow year 1 = 30000
  • Cash flow year 2 = 35000
  • Cash flow year 3 = 40000
  • Discount rate = 10%
  • Initial investment = 80000

Then:

  • NPV discounts each future cash flow back to today
  • NPV compares that total present value against the initial investment
  • A positive NPV suggests value is being created

What is NPV?

Net present value shows whether an investment is expected to create value after considering the time value of money.

Why NPV matters

This calculation helps businesses:

  • compare projects
  • assess investments
  • support capital allocation
  • improve financial decision-making

When to use this calculator

Use this calculator when you want to:

  • evaluate investments
  • compare projects
  • assess project returns
  • support budgeting decisions

Common mistakes

Common mistakes include:

  • using the wrong discount rate
  • overestimating future cash flows
  • forgetting the initial investment
  • comparing projects with inconsistent assumptions

NPV vs ROI

These are closely related.

  • NPV accounts for the time value of money
  • ROI is a simpler return percentage

Related calculations

You may also want to use:

  • ROI Calculator
  • Payback Period Calculator
  • Investment Return Calculator

FAQs

What does this calculator do?

It helps you estimate net present value.

Why is NPV important?

It helps show whether an investment is expected to create value after discounting future cash flows.

Is a positive NPV good?

Generally yes, because it suggests the investment exceeds the required return.

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